Tampons, like sanitary napkins, are products used to absorb the menstrual flow. They are disposable, cylindrical plugs composed of absorbent material that women insert into the vagina during menstruation.  

Most women who use tampons have reported no problems. However, the use of tampons has been linked to toxic shock syndrome (TSS), a serious and sometimes fatal disease caused by toxin-producing bacteria. TSS has become rare after an outbreak of the disease around 1980 prompted the Food and Drug Administration  to modify the regulation, recommended usage guidelines and packaging information of tampons. Tampon use now is rarely associated with TSS, according to the agency.

Sometimes, especially if used improperly or not changed according to package instructions, tampon use may be associated with the following conditions:

• Vaginal dryness
• Vaginal ulcerations
• Vaginitis

These risks are minimal, and the use of tampons is generally considered safe. In some cases, the use of tampons is not recommended. Tampons should not be used:

• When using medication that is inserted into the vagina (e.g., antibiotic vaginal creams, vaginal suppositories)
  
  
• During pregnancy
  
  
• Postpartum (after delivery)
  
  
• After certain surgical procedures involving the vagina, cervix or uterus (e.g., dilation and curettage, colposcopic biopsy)
  
  
• If a woman has been diagnosed with TSS in the past
  
  
• If a physician recommends their use be stopped

Nowadays, risks associated with tampon use are extremely rare. Most women never become ill from using tampons, especially if they are changed regularly, according to package guidelines.