Physical therapy (PT) is a profession that treats physical dysfunction or injury with the use of special exercises, techniques and devices.

PPT, also called physiotherapy, can be used to treat a wide variety of injuries, conditions and diseases. In children, PT may be used to treat cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy, spina bifida and other muscular and structural disorders.

Medical conditions in adults that may be treated with PT include stroke, post-surgical rehabilitation (e.g., joint replacement) and degenerative diseases such as arthritis. Individuals with conditions such as back pain, muscle strains and sports injuries may also benefit.

Goals vary depending on the type of injury or medical condition. In most cases, PT works to strengthen muscles, increase the range of motion of joints, promote healing, reduce pain and improve the patient's mobility and endurance.

Patients usually receive a physical examination by a physician before they are referred to physical therapy. The physician may order a PT evaluation and treatment for a specific condition.

When patients are seen by a physical therapist, they will receive an evaluation, including a review of a medical history describing pain symptoms and any previous surgeries and treatments. Measurements of strength, flexibility, joint motion, endurance and posture may be taken to assess the patient’s status.

Physical therapy incorporates a number of techniques geared toward the patient’s condition. Exercise therapy is the most common, but manipulation therapy, thermotherapy, cryotherapy, hydrotherapy, therapeutic ultrasound and electrical therapy may also be used.