Use the A-Z list to browse more than 6,000 health-related topics in our library. Clicking on a term opens the definition and, in most cases, links to more information.
"M CHAT" is more commonly referred to as "Modified Checklist of Autism in Toddlers" in the medical community. Modified Checklist of Autism in Toddlers
A screening test for autism usually given at a child's 18-month checkup. It consists of questions to a parent about the child's behavior, as well as questions based on the physician's observation of the child. More Information on Modified Checklist of Autism in Toddlers: Autism & Related Disorders
Also Known As: "Mycobacterium Avium Intracellulare, Mycobacterium Avium Complex, Lady Windermere Syndrome, Mycobacterium Avium Complex Infection, MAI, Mycobacterium Avium"
A disorder that causes several different syndromes, including disseminated infections in people with HIV, pulmonary disease in people without compromised immune systems and cervical lymphadenitis in children. More Information on MAC: Pneumonia & Lung Infection
Also Known As: "MAC, Mycobacterium Avium Intracellulare, Mycobacterium Avium Complex, Lady Windermere Syndrome, Mycobacterium Avium Complex Infection, MAI, Mycobacterium Avium"
A disorder that causes several different syndromes, including disseminated infections in people with HIV, pulmonary disease in people without compromised immune systems and cervical lymphadenitis in children. More Information on MAC Infection: Pneumonia & Lung Infection
A hereditary, incurable lack of muscle control (ataxia) marked by clumsiness and weakness in the arms and legs, spasticity, staggering gait, difficulty speaking and swallowing, and other symptoms. Treatments can reduce symptoms. More Information on Machado Joseph Disease: Birth & Genetic Disorders
"Macrencephaly" is more commonly referred to as "Megalencephaly" in the medical community. Megalencephaly
A condition present from birth in which the brain is abnormally large, heavy and not functioning properly. Prognosis depends on the underlying cause. More Information on Megalencephaly: Pediatric Brain & Nerve
Also Known As: "Macrovascular Disease, Diabetic Macroangiopathy"
A form of diabetic angiopathy (blood vessel disease caused by diabetes). Blood clots and fats (lipids) build up within larger blood vessels (e.g., arteries, veins), blocking the flow of blood to body tissues. More Information on Macroangiopathy: Diabetes Heart & Blood Vessel
A restrictive, low-fat, high-fiber diet that consists of whole grains, vegetables, sea algae and seeds. More Information on Macrobiotic Diet: Popular Diets
A condition in which the head circumference is larger than average for the age and gender of the infant or child. Macrocephaly is a descriptive term and is associated with a number of disorders, such as dwarfism. More Information on Macrocephaly: Pediatric Brain & Nerve
Also Known As: "Azithromycin, Clindamycin, Erythromycin, Dirithromycin, Clarithromycin, Troleandomycin"
Any drug of a class of antibiotics, medications that kill or slow the growth of harmful microorganisms, such as bacteria. They have no effect on viruses. More Information on Macrolides: Digestive Medications
Major minerals essential in the diet for good nutrition and present in the body in large amounts compared with trace minerals. Examples include calcium, magnesium, phosphorous, sodium, potassium and chloride. More Information on Macrominerals: Minerals
Nutrients that the body requires in large amounts each day, including proteins, fats, carbohydrates and water. More Information on Macronutrients: Nutrition Basics
A type of white blood cell of the immune system that ingests damaged cells or antigens (such as viruses or bacteria). It also stimulates the production of T cells to further fight invaders. More Information on Macrophages: Infectious Disease Basics
Literally "large body," this term is used to describe abnormally large babies that are often born to women with diabetes. More Information on Macrosomia: Women's Diabetes
A form of diabetic angiopathy (blood vessel disease caused by diabetes). Blood clots and fats (lipids) build up within larger blood vessels (e.g., arteries, veins), blocking the flow of blood to body tissues. More Information on Macrovascular Disease: Diabetes Heart & Blood Vessel
Progressive deterioration of the macula, an area in the center of the retina of the eye. Over time, light-sensing cells in the macula malfunction. It is the main cause of blindness in the United States for patients over 50. More Information on Macular Degeneration: Eye Conditions
Swelling of the area near the center of the eye that is responsible for fine vision, such as reading (macula). It can result from diabetic retinopathy. More Information on Macular Edema: Eye Conditions
A highly infectious degenerative brain disease that occurs in cattle. People can contract this disease by consuming infected meat, but the condition has a different name when occurring in humans (variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease). More Information on Mad Cow Disease: Encephalopathy
A condition associated with excessive gas production in the stomach and swallowing of air when eating, resulting in feelings of fullness and bloating after meals. It is often resolved by belching. More Information on Magenblase Disorder: Abdominal Pain
Belief that a person's own thoughts or actions have the ability to influence specific events or outcomes in ways that defy the laws of physics or logic. It often is associated with schizophrenia. More Information on Magical Thinking: Schizophrenia & Psychosis
"Magnesium" is more commonly referred to as "Antacids" in the medical community. Antacids
Also Known As: "Sodium Bicarbonate, Aluminum Hydroxide"
Over-the-counter medications that reduce the acid levels in the stomach fluids, including substances such as magnesium, aluminum hydroxide and sodium bicarbonate. They are often used to relieve heartburn, upset stomach or acid indigestion. More Information on Antacids: Digestive Medications
An essential dietary mineral used by the body to form tissue, especially bone, and convert food to energy. It is abundant in plant foods such as nuts, beans, fruits, dark green vegetables and whole grains. More Information on Magnesium: Minerals
Lack of magnesium, a mineral essential for human nutrition that is important in metabolic functions. It occurs in alcoholics or people whose magnesium absorption is decreased due to surgery, burns or malabsorption problems. More Information on Magnesium Deficiency: Minerals
Also Known As: "MRA, Magnetic Resonance Arteriogram"
A variant of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that is being used to view blood flow through the coronary arteries or carotid arteries without the use of catheter-cased techniques. More Information on Magnetic Resonance Angiogram: Heart Imaging & Rhythm Tests
A variant of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that is being used to view blood flow through the coronary arteries or carotid arteries without the use of catheter-cased techniques. More Information on Magnetic Resonance Arteriogram: Heart Imaging & Rhythm Tests
"Magnetic Resonance Imaging" is more commonly referred to as "MRI" in the medical community. MRI
Also Known As: "Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, NMR"
A safe and noninvasive imaging test that can help physicians diagnose diseases of numerous organs and vessels. It uses powerful magnets to produce images on a computer screen and film. More Information on MRI: Imaging Tests
Also Known As: "1H Nuclear MRSI, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging, MRSI Imaging, MRSI, Proton MRSI"
A type of MRI that provides information on a tumor's location, size, shape and cellular activity. More Information on Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging: Cancer Imaging Tests
Also Known As: "1H Nuclear MRSI, Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging, MRSI Imaging, MRSI, Proton MRSI"
A type of MRI that provides information on a tumor's location, size, shape and cellular activity. More Information on Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: Cancer Imaging Tests
Also Known As: "Mycobacterium Avium Intracellulare, Mycobacterium Avium Complex, Lady Windermere Syndrome, Mycobacterium Avium Complex Infection, Mycobacterium Avium, MAC"
A disorder that causes several different syndromes, including disseminated infections in people with HIV, pulmonary disease in people without compromised immune systems and cervical lymphadenitis in children. More Information on MAI: Pneumonia & Lung Infection
"Maintenance Blockers" is more commonly referred to as "Antispasmodics" in the medical community. Antispasmodics
Also Known As: "Anticholinergics, Cholinergic Blockers"
A class of medications that blocks the effects of acetylcholine (a neurotransmitter). They are used to prevent or reduce symptoms such as muscle spasms and tremors. More Information on Antispasmodics: Neuro Drug & Medication
"Maintenance Bronchodilators" is more commonly referred to as "Antispasmodics for Asthma & Allergies" in the medical community. Antispasmodics for Asthma & Allergies
A type of bronchodilator, medication that open bronchial tubes to improve breathing. Antispasmodics also help clear mucus from the airways. They work differently and more slowly than fast-acting bronchodilators. More Information on Antispasmodics for Asthma & Allergies: Allergy & Asthma Drugs
Also Known As: "Major Depressive Episode, Depressive Disorder, Major Depressive Disorder, Clinical Depression, Depressive Episode, Depression, Unipolar Depression"
A feeling of intense sadness that lasts most of the day, nearly every day, for at least two weeks. It requires active clinical observation and treatment. More Information on Major Depression: Depression & Bipolar
Also Known As: "Depressive Disorder, Clinical Depression, Depressive Episode, Depression, Unipolar Depression, Major Depressive Episode"
A feeling of intense sadness that lasts most of the day, nearly every day, for at least two weeks. It requires active clinical observation and treatment. More Information on Major Depressive Disorder: Depression & Bipolar
Also Known As: "Depressive Disorder, Major Depressive Disorder, Clinical Depression, Depressive Episode, Depression, Unipolar Depression"
A feeling of intense sadness that lasts most of the day, nearly every day, for at least two weeks. It requires active clinical observation and treatment. More Information on Major Depressive Episode: Depression & Bipolar
An extremely rare form of self-injury involving the severing of limbs and genitals. It is usually associated with psychotic disorders. More Information on Major Self Mutilation: Emotional Signs & Symptoms
The inability of the intestines to adequately or efficiently absorb nutrients from food as it travels through the digestive tract. This can include problems with specific sugars, fats, proteins or other substances. It may cause chronic diarrhea. More Information on Malabsorption: IBS & Bowel Function
Problems resulting from an inability of the small intestine to absorb nutrients from food. More Information on Malabsorption Syndromes: IBS & Bowel Function
"Malabsorptive Bariatric Procedures" is more commonly referred to as "Bariatric Surgery" in the medical community. Bariatric Surgery
Also Known As: "Weight Loss Procedures, Restrictive Bariatric Procedures, Weight Loss Surgery"
Surgery on the digestive organs (e.g., stomach, intestines) for the purpose of weight loss. Restrictive procedures decrease food intake and promote fullness while malabsorptive procedures reduce the calories and nutrients the body absorbs. More Information on Bariatric Surgery: Bariatric Surgery
General but vague feeling of discomfort, illness or lack of well-being. Malaise is often the first sign of illness and may be accompanied by feelings of exhaustion or inadequate energy. More Information on Malaise: Emotional Signs & Symptoms
Also Known As: "Paludism, Plasmodium Infection, Jungle Fever, Malaria Disease"
A potentially fatal disease caused by a parasite that is marked by high fevers, shaking, chills and flu-like illness. Four types of malaria parasites infect humans - Plasmodium falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale and P. malariae. More Information on Malaria: Tropical Disease
Also Known As: "Paludism, Plasmodium Infection, Jungle Fever"
A potentially fatal disease caused by a parasite that is marked by high fevers, shaking, chills and flu-like illness. Four types of malaria parasites infect humans - Plasmodium falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale and P. malariae. More Information on Malaria Disease: Tropical Disease
"Male Condoms" is more commonly referred to as "Condoms" in the medical community. Condoms
Also Known As: "Rubbers, Female Condoms"
A sheath, usually made of latex, that forms a barrier to prevent pregnancy or the transfer of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) during intercourse. There are male and female versions, but the male condom is the most common. More Information on Condoms: Contraception
Difficulty in achieving or maintaining an erection during sexual relations. It can cause significant distress or difficulty in sexual relationships. It can result from either physiological or psychological problems.
"Male Hormones" is more commonly referred to as "Androgen" in the medical community. Androgen
Any hormone that stimulates the development and maintenance of male sex organs and characteristics. These include testosterone, androstenedione and DHEA. They are also a normal part of women's reproduction and levels vary during the menstrual cycle. More Information on Androgen: Prostate & Testicular
"Male Orgasmic Disorder" is more commonly referred to as "Orgasmic Disorders" in the medical community. Orgasmic Disorders
Also Known As: "Premature Ejaculation, Female Orgasmic Disorder"
Conditions in which sexual climax is either absent or delayed despite sufficiently long and intense sexual stimulation. The source of the problem can be physical or psychological, or a combination. Women are more often affected. More Information on Orgasmic Disorders: Emotional Health Basics
Most common type of hair loss in men, it is usually due to hormones and genetics. As hair follicles shrink, hair becomes shorter and finer, then stops growing. Typically, the hairline recedes in front and hair thins on the crown. More Information on Male Pattern Alopecia: Alopecia (Hair Loss)
Most common type of hair loss in men, it is usually due to hormones and genetics. As hair follicles shrink, hair becomes shorter and finer, then stops growing. Typically, the hairline recedes in front and hair thins on the crown. More Information on Male Pattern Baldness: Alopecia (Hair Loss)
Also Known As: "Male Pattern Baldness, Male Pattern Alopecia"
Most common type of hair loss in men, it is usually due to hormones and genetics. As hair follicles shrink, hair becomes shorter and finer, then stops growing. Typically, the hairline recedes in front and hair thins on the crown. More Information on Male Pattern Hair Loss: Alopecia (Hair Loss)
The body system in males that helps produce an embryo by fertilizing the eggs in a female. Includes the testicles, epididymis, prostate, accessory glands, seminal vesicles and penis. More Information on Male Reproductive System: Puberty & Sexual Maturity
"Male Turner Syndrome" is more commonly referred to as "Noonan Syndrome" in the medical community. Noonan Syndrome
Also Known As: "Turner-Like Syndrome, Ullrich-Noonan Syndrome, Turner Phenotype With Normal Karyotype, Familial Turner Syndrome, Pseudo-Ullrich-Turner Syndrome, Turner Syndrome In Female With X Chromosome, Female Pseudo-Turner Syndrome"
A type of multiple congenital anomaly/mental retardation (MCA/MR) syndrome that affects the heart, normal growth and development, blood clotting and more. About two thirds of Noonan Syndrome patients have some form of congenital heart disease. More Information on Noonan Syndrome: Pediatric Heart
Any condition that is cancerous or dangerous to the patient's health. It is usually characterized by uncontrolled growth of cells or tissue. Not all such growths (e.g., tumors) are malignant. However, the term "cancer" always implies malignancy. More Information on Malignant: Cancer Basics
Also Known As: "MEO, Necrotizing External Otitis, Invasive External Otitis"
A serious bacterial infection of the external ear canal that can spread to the facial nerves and skull. It is rare, but seen mostly in people with diabetes. More Information on Malignant External Otitis: Ear Conditions
A type of soft tissue sarcoma that most commonly occurs in the legs, arms or abdomen, but may also occur anywhere in the body. It most commonly spreads to the lungs, but can also invade the lymph nodes or bones. More Information on Malignant Fibrous Cytoma: Cancer Basics
A type of soft tissue sarcoma that most commonly occurs in the legs, arms or abdomen, but may also occur anywhere in the body. It most commonly spreads to the lungs, but can also invade the lymph nodes or bones. More Information on Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma: Cancer Basics
"Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma of Bone" is more commonly referred to as "Osteosarcoma" in the medical community. Osteosarcoma
Also Known As: "Osteogenic Sarcoma, Maren's Diagnosis"
A malignant bone tumor (cancer) that develops in the new tissue of growing bones. It is more common in children. More Information on Osteosarcoma: Leukemia & Bone Cancer
"Malignant Glioma" is more commonly referred to as "Glioma" in the medical community. Glioma
Also Known As: "Gliosarcoma"
The most common primary brain tumors. They arise from the specialized cells (glial) that surround and support the neurons. More Information on Glioma: Brain & Nerve Cancer
"Malignant Melanoma" is more commonly referred to as "Skin Cancer (Melanoma)" in the medical community. Skin Cancer (Melanoma)
Also Known As: "Skin Melanoma, Multiple Melanoma, Melanoma Mole, Melanoma in Situ"
A form of skin cancer that begins in the cells that produce pigment. Melanoma usually begins in a mole. It is the most serious type of skin cancer. More Information on Skin Cancer (Melanoma): Skin Cancer
"Malignant Mesothelioma" is more commonly referred to as "Mesothelioma" in the medical community. Mesothelioma
Also Known As: "Mesothelioma Cancer"
A rare cancer that occurs in the lining of the chest, lung or abdomen and most often caused by inhaling asbestos particles. More Information on Mesothelioma: Lung & Chest Cancer
A rare form of cancer that involves a mix of carcinoma and sarcoma cells. It most commonly occurs within the uterus. More Information on Malignant Mixed Mullerian Tumor: ObGyn Cancer
A type of soft tissue sarcoma occurring within cells that form a protective sheath (coating) around the peripheral nerves (those outside of the spinal cord and brain). More Information on Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor: Brain & Nerve Cancer
Faking symptoms of mental or physical disorders for financial gain, food or shelter, or to avoid criminal prosecution. It should not be confused with somatoform disorders, which involve real pain that stems from psychological disorder. More Information on Malingering: Factitious & Related Disorders
Also Known As: "Crooked Teeth, Dental Malocclusion, Misaligned Teeth"
Improper alignment of the biting or chewing surfaces of upper and lower teeth. It results in a poor bite. More Information on Malocclusion: Dental Braces & Alignment
Also Known As: "Mucosa Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma"
A type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that occurs within cells of the mucosal tissue that are involved in the production of antibodies. More Information on MALT Lymphoma: Lymphoma (Hodgkin's & Non)
A disaccharide made up of two glucose molecules. It seldom occurs naturally in foods but is formed when long molecules of starch break down. More Information on Malt Sugar: Carbs & Sugars
A disaccharide made up of two glucose molecules. It seldom occurs naturally in foods but is formed when long molecules of starch break down. More Information on Maltose: Carbs & Sugars
A noncancerous breast condition in which the milk ducts become enlarged (dilated) or inflamed. It may result in breast tenderness or redness. It is sometimes associated with a bacteria infection and is more common in women after menopause. More Information on Mammary Duct Ectasia: Breast Health
"Mammary Paget's Disease" is more commonly referred to as "Paget's Disease" in the medical community. Paget's Disease
Also Known As: "Paget's Disease of the Breast, Paget's Disease of the Nipple"
A rare form of breast cancer marked by problems with the nipple and areola that include crusty, scaly or red skin and bloody discharge. It is linked to ductal carcinoma in situ (without a breast lump) or invasive ductal carcinoma (with a lump). More Information on Paget's Disease: Breast Cancer
Also Known As: "Screening Mammography, Mammography, Diagnostic Mammography, Digital Mammograms"
An imaging test of the breast that uses x-rays to create images on film or a computer. It can be used to detect breast masses (screening mammography) or to further diagnose a breast condition (diagnostic mammography). More Information on Mammograms: Breast Cancer
Also Known As: "Screening Mammography, Diagnostic Mammography, Digital Mammograms"
An imaging test of the breast that uses x-rays to create images on film or a computer. It can be used to detect breast masses (screening mammography) or to further diagnose a breast condition (diagnostic mammography). More Information on Mammography: Breast Cancer
"Mandibulari Tori" is more commonly referred to as "Tori" in the medical community. Tori
Also Known As: "Palatini Tori"
A harmless growth of bone, which may occur on the palate (tori palatini) or lower jaw (tori mandibulari). This does not typically cause problems with eating or speaking and cannot become cancerous. More Information on Tori: Oral Health Basics
"Mandibulofacial Dysostosis" is more commonly referred to as "Treacher Collins Syndrome" in the medical community. Treacher Collins Syndrome
Also Known As: "Franceschetti-Zwalen-Klein Syndrome, Treacher Collins-Franceschetti Syndrome 1, TCOF 1, MFD"
A hereditary condition that primarily affects the structures of the head and face and is often associated with some degree of hearing loss. It may include one or more birth defects of the heart. More Information on Treacher Collins Syndrome: Birth & Genetic Disorders
An essential mineral that activates enzyme systems involved in protein and energy metabolism. It is involved in connective tissue and bone formation, insulin action and cholesterol synthesis. More Information on Manganese: Minerals
A mood disorder marked by severely elevated mood. People who are manic may be overactive, impulsive, euphoric, agitated or violent. In bipolar disorder, mania represents the emotional highs that alternate with emotional lows (depression). More Information on Mania: Emotional Signs & Symptoms
"Manic Depression" is more commonly referred to as "Bipolar Disorder" in the medical community. Bipolar Disorder
Also Known As: "Manic Depressive Disorder"
A condition characterized by episodes of excitability (mania) that alternate with periods of depression. The transition between these episodes can be abrupt. It results from impairment in the area of the brain that regulates mood. More Information on Bipolar Disorder: Depression & Bipolar
"Manic Depression in Children" is more commonly referred to as "Bipolar Disorder in Children" in the medical community. Bipolar Disorder in Children
Also Known As: "Pediatric Manic Depressive Disorder"
A condition characterized by episodes of excitability (mania) that alternate with periods of depression. Children are more likely than adults to experience fast mood swings between depression and mania several times daily. More Information on Bipolar Disorder in Children: Depression & Bipolar
"Manic Depressive Disorder" is more commonly referred to as "Bipolar Disorder" in the medical community. Bipolar Disorder
Also Known As: "Manic Depression"
A condition characterized by episodes of excitability (mania) that alternate with periods of depression. The transition between these episodes can be abrupt. It results from impairment in the area of the brain that regulates mood. More Information on Bipolar Disorder: Depression & Bipolar
A mood disorder marked by severely elevated mood. People who are manic may be overactive, impulsive, euphoric, agitated or violent. In bipolar disorder, mania represents the emotional highs that alternate with emotional lows (depression). More Information on Manic Disorder: Emotional Signs & Symptoms
A mood disorder marked by severely elevated mood. People who are manic may be overactive, impulsive, euphoric, agitated or violent. In bipolar disorder, mania represents the emotional highs that alternate with emotional lows (depression). More Information on Manic Episode: Emotional Signs & Symptoms
Techniques of physical therapy which involve hand movements by a trained therapist in order to mobilize or manipulate the soft tissues and joints. May include chiropractic and massage therapy. Exercise may be prescribed along with therapy. More Information on Manipulation Physical Therapy: Pain Management
Techniques of physical therapy which involve hand movements by a trained therapist in order to mobilize or manipulate the soft tissues and joints. May include chiropractic and massage therapy. Exercise may be prescribed along with therapy. More Information on Manipulation Therapy: Pain Management
A noninvasive procedure to treat pain along the spine and pelvis, which is performed to break up scar tissue around the spine. Patient placed under general anesthesia, mild sedation or a local injection is given before treatment. More Information on Manipulation Under Anesthesia: Pain Management
A noninvasive procedure to treat pain along the spine and pelvis, which is performed to break up scar tissue around the spine. Patient placed under general anesthesia, mild sedation or a local injection is given before treatment. More Information on Manipulation Under Anesthetic: Pain Management
A test that uses a probe to measure the movements and pressure of muscles in the gastrointestinal tract. More Information on Manometry: Digestive Lab Tests
"Manual Defibrillator" is more commonly referred to as "Defibrillator" in the medical community. Defibrillator
Also Known As: "External Defibrillator, External Cardioverter"
A device that delivers an electric shock to "reset" a heart that is fibrillating (quivering instead of pumping) or stopped. It can be external (manual or automatic) or internal (an implantable cardioverter defibrillator). More Information on Defibrillator: Arrhythmia
Forms of therapies that are taken directly from an accepted manual. While individualization and flexibility may be reduced or lost, such treatment benefits from the stability of well-established and documented techniques.
Also Known As: "Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors, MAOI Drugs"
Antidepressants often used to treat major depression in patients who do not respond to other medications. They are also used to treat bipolar disorder and panic disorder. Examples include phenelzine, tranylcypromine and isocarboxazid. More Information on MAO Inhibitors: Psychiatric Medications
Also Known As: "Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors, MAO Inhibitors"
Antidepressants often used to treat major depression in patients who do not respond to other medications. They are also used to treat bipolar disorder and panic disorder. Examples include phenelzine, tranylcypromine and isocarboxazid. More Information on MAOI Drugs: Psychiatric Medications
Also Known As: "MAO Inhibitors, Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors, MAOI Drugs"
Antidepressants often used to treat major depression in patients who do not respond to other medications. They are also used to treat bipolar disorder and panic disorder. Examples include phenelzine, tranylcypromine and isocarboxazid. More Information on MAOIs: Psychiatric Medications
Antidepressants most often used to treat major depression, bipolar disorder and panic disorder. Some types may be used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease or other neurological disorders. More Information on MAOIs & Neurological Disorders: Neuro Drug & Medication
"Maprotiline" is more commonly referred to as "Mirtazapine" in the medical community. Mirtazapine
A type of antidepressant used to treat depression, anxiety and other related conditions. It belongs to the drug class tetracyclic antidepressants. More Information on Mirtazapine: Psychiatric Medications
An extreme type of malnutrition and emaciation most often seen in children. It results from chronic inadequate consumption of protein and energy. Symptoms include wasting of muscle, fat and other body tissue. More Information on Marasmus: Nutrition Basics
A rare, severe type of hemorrhagic fever caused by a genetically unique animal-borne RNA virus of the filovirus family. The method of transmission from animal host to humans is unknown. More Information on Marburg Disease: Tropical Disease
Also Known As: "Marburg Virus Infection, Marburg Disease"
A rare, severe type of hemorrhagic fever caused by a genetically unique animal-borne RNA virus of the filovirus family. The method of transmission from animal host to humans is unknown. More Information on Marburg Hemorrhagic Fever: Tropical Disease
A rare, severe type of hemorrhagic fever caused by a genetically unique animal-borne RNA virus of the filovirus family. The method of transmission from animal host to humans is unknown. More Information on Marburg Virus Infection: Tropical Disease
A national health charity founded in 1938 by FDR to find a cure for polio. Today, it seeks to improve the health of infants by promoting research, advocacy programs and public education to prevent birth defects, premature birth and infant mortality.
"Maren's Diagnosis" is more commonly referred to as "Osteosarcoma" in the medical community. Osteosarcoma
Also Known As: "Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma of Bone, Osteogenic Sarcoma"
A malignant bone tumor (cancer) that develops in the new tissue of growing bones. It is more common in children. More Information on Osteosarcoma: Leukemia & Bone Cancer
A rare genetic connective tissue disorder that affects the formation and functioning of the heart, blood vessels, lungs, kidneys, eyes and skeleton. It can lead to serious consequences, such as heart attack or sudden cardiac death. More Information on Marfan Syndrome: Birth & Genetic Disorders
A rare genetic connective tissue disorder that affects the formation and functioning of the heart, blood vessels, lungs, kidneys, eyes and skeleton. It can lead to serious consequences, such as heart attack or sudden cardiac death. More Information on Marfanoid Hypermobility Syndrome: Birth & Genetic Disorders
Ulcers that may occur following a partial gastrectomy. They develop at the area where the remaining stomach connects to the duodenum, the first part of the small intestine. More Information on Marginal Ulcer: Gastritis & Ulcer
"Marie disease" is more commonly referred to as "Acromegaly" in the medical community. Acromegaly
Also Known As: "Somatotroph Adenoma, Gigantism"
Rare disorder in which an overproduction of growth hormone by the pituitary gland leads to overgrown hands, feet and/or facial features. More Information on Acromegaly: Diabetes & Endocrine Risks
"Marie Strümpell Spondylitis" is more commonly referred to as "Ankylosing Spondylitis" in the medical community. Ankylosing Spondylitis
Also Known As: "Ankylosis Spondylitis, Bamboo Spine, Rheumatoid Spondylitis"
Chronic disease primarily affecting the spine, which may lead to stiffness of the back. The joints and ligaments that allow the back to move become inflamed, which eventually may cause them to fuse together. More Information on Ankylosing Spondylitis: Arthritis
Use of marijuana produces intoxicating effects such as mild euphoria when smoked or eaten. Side effects include impaired perception and motor skills, decreased short-term memory, paranoia, mood swings and hallucinations. More Information on Marijuana: Alcohol & Substance Abuse
Dried flowers and leaves of the Cannabis plant that are smoked or chewed for euphoric effect. The most widely used illegal drug in the U.S., its medicinal use is legal in some states to relieve side effects of some cancer treatments. More Information on Marijuana & Cancer: Chemo & Radiation Therapy
Use of marijuana produces intoxicating effects such as mild euphoria when smoked or eaten. Side effects include impaired perception and motor skills, decreased short-term memory, paranoia, mood swings and hallucinations. More Information on Marijuana Abuse: Alcohol & Substance Abuse
Naturally occurring chemicals that contaminate certain seafood. Such seafood frequently looks, smells and tastes normal but can cause disease when eaten. In rare cases, symptoms may last for years. More Information on Marine Toxins: Gastroenteritis & Food Illness
"Marker X Syndrome" is more commonly referred to as "Fragile X Syndrome" in the medical community. Fragile X Syndrome
Also Known As: "FXS, Martin Bell Syndrome"
A weakness on the X chromosome that can lead to mental retardation and/or autism. Hyperactivity and enlarged physical features (e.g., face, ears, testicles) are also often present. More Information on Fragile X Syndrome: Birth & Genetic Disorders
"Marshall Syndrome" is more commonly referred to as "Weaver Syndrome" in the medical community. Weaver Syndrome
Also Known As: "MSS, Weaver-Smith Syndrome, Marshall-Smith-Weaver Syndrome, WSS, Marshall-Smith Syndrome, Marshall-Weaver Syndrome"
A multiple congenital anomaly/mental retardation (MCA/MR) syndrome that can include heart complications including cardiomyopathy and mitral valve prolapse or congenital heart defects such as patent ductus arteriosus and atrial septal defect. More Information on Weaver Syndrome: Pediatric Heart
"Marshall-Smith Syndrome" is more commonly referred to as "Weaver Syndrome" in the medical community. Weaver Syndrome
Also Known As: "MSS, Weaver-Smith Syndrome, WSS, Marshall-Weaver Syndrome, Marshall Syndrome, Marshall-Smith-Weaver Syndrome"
A multiple congenital anomaly/mental retardation (MCA/MR) syndrome that can include heart complications including cardiomyopathy and mitral valve prolapse or congenital heart defects such as patent ductus arteriosus and atrial septal defect. More Information on Weaver Syndrome: Pediatric Heart
"Marshall-Smith-Weaver Syndrome" is more commonly referred to as "Weaver Syndrome" in the medical community. Weaver Syndrome
Also Known As: "MSS, Weaver-Smith Syndrome, WSS, Marshall-Smith Syndrome, Marshall-Weaver Syndrome, Marshall Syndrome"
A multiple congenital anomaly/mental retardation (MCA/MR) syndrome that can include heart complications including cardiomyopathy and mitral valve prolapse or congenital heart defects such as patent ductus arteriosus and atrial septal defect. More Information on Weaver Syndrome: Pediatric Heart
"Marshall-Weaver Syndrome" is more commonly referred to as "Weaver Syndrome" in the medical community. Weaver Syndrome
Also Known As: "MSS, Weaver-Smith Syndrome, Marshall Syndrome, Marshall-Smith-Weaver Syndrome, WSS, Marshall-Smith Syndrome"
A multiple congenital anomaly/mental retardation (MCA/MR) syndrome that can include heart complications including cardiomyopathy and mitral valve prolapse or congenital heart defects such as patent ductus arteriosus and atrial septal defect. More Information on Weaver Syndrome: Pediatric Heart
"Martin Bell Syndrome" is more commonly referred to as "Fragile X Syndrome" in the medical community. Fragile X Syndrome
Also Known As: "FXS, Marker X Syndrome"
A weakness on the X chromosome that can lead to mental retardation and/or autism. Hyperactivity and enlarged physical features (e.g., face, ears, testicles) are also often present. More Information on Fragile X Syndrome: Birth & Genetic Disorders
A type of fixed partial denture in which the prosthesis is bonded to the backs of adjacent teeth. It does not require crowns. More Information on Maryland Bridge: Bridges, Dentures & Implants
"Mask of Pregnancy" is more commonly referred to as "Melasma" in the medical community. Melasma
Also Known As: "Chloasma"
A condition that involves brown patches on the neck that may appear during pregnancy. While it is not a harmful disease, it can severely affect cosmetic appearance. It usually fades after delivery. More Information on Melasma: Skin Discoloration
Desire for and pleasure from physical or psychological pain that is inflicted upon the self either by the self or others. This is often based on the concept that suffering relieves guilt, thus providing rewards. More Information on Masochism: Impulse Control Disorders
Condition in which a group of people (such as students or co-workers) report similar physical symptoms that are later traced to psychological factors instead of those in the environment. More Information on Mass Psychogenic Illness: Emotional Health Basics
A type of complementary therapy that uses pressure and motion to improve circulation are reduce muscle tension. There are many different types of massage, including Swedish massage, deep tissue massage, reflexology and shiatsu. More Information on Massage Therapy: Massage
"Massive Heart Attack" is more commonly referred to as "Cardiac Arrest" in the medical community. Cardiac Arrest
Also Known As: "Cardiopulmonary Arrest, Sudden Cardiac Arrest, Heart Arrest, Heart Seizure"
The abrupt, immediate stopping of the heart. Without immediate treatment with a defibrillator, sudden cardiac death is unavoidable. More Information on Cardiac Arrest: Arrhythmia
Also Known As: "Lodoxamide, Cromolyn Sodium, Nedocromil"
Medications used to combat symptoms of hay fever and sometimes asthma and food allergies. These drugs cause fewer side effects than antihistamines but take longer to work and are not as effective. More Information on Mast Cell Stabilizers: Allergy & Asthma Drugs
A tumor made of mast cells, a type of white blood cell. It usually occurs in the skin and is benign (noncancerous). More Information on Mast Cell Tumor: Skin Cancer
A type of white blood cell involved in allergic reactions. An allergen stimulates the release of antibodies, which attach to mast cells. This triggers mast cells to release histamines into the body's tissues, causing an allergic reaction.
"Mastalgia" is more commonly referred to as "Breast Pain" in the medical community. Breast Pain
Breast pain is most often caused by hormonal changes, such as before or during menstruation. Only very rarely does breast pain indicate breast cancer. More Information on Breast Pain: ObGyn Signs & Symptoms
Also Known As: "Bilateral Mastectomy, Double Mastectomy, Single Mastectomy"
Surgical removal of an entire breast (single) or both breasts (double or bilateral). Types vary by the amount and type of breast tissue removed and whether or not the lymph nodes under the arm (axilla) are also removed. More Information on Mastectomy: Breast Cancer
"MASTER" is more commonly referred to as "Multi Level Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Resources" in the medical community. Multi Level Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Resources
A CDC-based effort to keep people informed of antimicrobial susceptibility testing issues related to clinical microbiology laboratory practice.
"Master Gland" is more commonly referred to as "Pituitary Gland" in the medical community. Pituitary Gland
Also Known As: "Hypophysis"
The master endocrine gland that secretes many hormones, including those influencing growth, reproduction and digestion. The pituitary gland is the size of a pea and is located in a bony cavity at the base of the skull. More Information on Pituitary Gland: Diabetes & Endocrine Basics
A tumor made of mast cells, a type of white blood cell. It usually occurs in the skin and is benign (noncancerous). More Information on Mastocytoma: Skin Cancer
Disorder resulting from too many mast cells. These cells help the immune system protect tissues from disease, but excessive levels can cause skin lesions, bone pain, abdominal discomfort, nausea and vomiting and other symptoms. More Information on Mastocytosis: Psoriasis & Autoimmune Skin
Stimulation of one's own or another's genital organs, by manual contact or means other than sexual intercourse, for sexual pleasure. More Information on Masturbation: Sexual Health
"MAT" is more commonly referred to as "Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia" in the medical community. Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia
Abnormal electrical impulses originating from more than one place in the heart's upper chambers (atria) and lead to an abnormally fast heartbeat. It is more common in older people and may be linked with COPD, heart failure or other chronic disorders. More Information on Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia: Arrhythmia
The number of women in a given time period and location (e.g., per year in the United States) that die during or as a result of childbirth, pregnancy, miscarriage or abortion. More Information on Maternal Mortality: Pregnancy Basics
A condition in which a woman with phenylketonuria (PKU) becomes pregnant. PKU is a genetic defect in which an amino acid builds up in the bloodstream. High amino acid levels in the mother can damage the fetus. More Information on Maternal Phenylketonuria: Pregnancy Management
A condition in which a woman with phenylketonuria (PKU) becomes pregnant. PKU is a genetic defect in which an amino acid builds up in the bloodstream. High amino acid levels in the mother can damage the fetus. More Information on Maternal PKU: Pregnancy Management
A blood test that is offered to pregnant women during the second trimester (between 15 and 18 weeks of pregnancy) to screen for neural tube defects and the chromosomal disorders Down syndrome and Trisomy 18. More Information on Maternal Serum Marker Screening: Pregnancy Basics
Learning disorder in which a child has mathematical ability substantially below expectation for a given age, general intelligence and education levels. It is usually treated with remedial education. More Information on Math Disorder: Attention & Learning Disorders
Learning disorder in which a child has mathematical ability substantially below expectation for a given age, general intelligence and education levels. It is usually treated with remedial education. More Information on Mathematics Disorder: Attention & Learning Disorders
A group of aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (cancers of the lymph system). It affects mature T cells, which have left the thymus gland for other areas of the lymphatic system (e.g., lymph nodes, bone marrow, spleen). More Information on Mature T Cell Lymphoma: Lymphoma (Hodgkin's & Non)
"Maturity Onset Diabetes" is more commonly referred to as "Type 2 Diabetes" in the medical community. Type 2 Diabetes
Also Known As: "NIDDM, Adult Onset Diabetes, Noninsulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus"
The most common form of diabetes. Patients manufacture insulin (sometimes more than necessary) but their bodies do not use it effectively. Its cause is unknown, but it is linked to age, obesity, family history, lack of exercise and other factors. More Information on Type 2 Diabetes: Type 2 Diabetes Basics
A genetic form of diabetes that leads to impaired insulin production. Neither type 1 nor type 2, it may be called type 1.5. It develops at a younger age than type 2 and does not involve insulin resistance, a sedentary lifestyle or excess weight. More Information on Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young: Pediatric Diabetes
A rare combination of factors that result from long-term uncontrolled diabetes in children. It usually involves an enlarged liver, delayed puberty and stunted growth (including dwarfism). More Information on Mauriac Syndrome: Pediatric Diabetes
"Maxillary Sinuses" is more commonly referred to as "Sinuses" in the medical community. Sinuses
Also Known As: "Sinus Cavities, Frontal Sinuses, Paranasal Sinuses, Sphenoid Sinuses, Nasal Sinuses, Ethmoid Sinuses"
Air-filled cavities or packets located within the bones around the nose and face. They are named for the bones they inhabit: Maxillary (cheek), ethmoid (between the eyes), frontal (forehead) and sphenoid (middle of skull). More Information on Sinuses: Nose & Throat
"Maxillofacial Surgeon" is more commonly referred to as "Oral & Maxillofacial Surgeon" in the medical community. Oral & Maxillofacial Surgeon
Also Known As: "Oral Surgeon"
Dental specialist who diagnoses and surgically treats problems related to the oral and maxillofacial regions. Examples include injuries from accidents, tumors in the jaw or mouth, and complicated dental procedures. More Information on Oral & Maxillofacial Surgeon: Oral Health Basics
"Maxim Hyperhidrosis" is more commonly referred to as "Hyperhidrosis" in the medical community. Hyperhidrosis
Also Known As: "Facial Hyperhidrosis, Excessive Perspiration, Center Hyperhidrosis, Palmoplantar Hyperhidrosis, Excessive Sweating, Palmar Hyperhidrosis, Axillary Hyperhidrosis"
Excessive sweating that is either limited to a few problem areas (such as the armpits or palms) or that affects a person's entire body. It often worsens during stress. Treatments - including prescription antiperspirants - are available. More Information on Hyperhidrosis: Perspiration & Chafing
Highest level of a contaminant the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) allows in drinking water. The level protects against both short-term and long-term risks. MCLs vary depending on state and local governments.
A surgery to treat atrial fibrillation (in which the upper chambers of the heart quiver rather than pump). Tiny incisions are made in the atria. The scar tissue that forms blocks faulty electrical impulses from triggering the atria to contract. More Information on Maze Procedure: Arrhythmia
A surgery to treat atrial fibrillation (in which the upper chambers of the heart quiver rather than pump). Tiny incisions are made in the atria. The scar tissue that forms blocks faulty electrical impulses from triggering the atria to contract. More Information on Maze Surgery: Arrhythmia
"MBS" is more commonly referred to as "Modified Barium Swallow" in the medical community. Modified Barium Swallow
A test in which an x-ray is taken of the uppermost parts of the digestive tract (including the mouth, pharynx and esophagus) after the ingestion of liquid barium. It is used in people at risk of inhaling food or liquids, such as the elderly. More Information on Modified Barium Swallow: Digestive Imaging Tests
"MCA/MR Syndromes" is more commonly referred to as "Multiple Congenital Anomaly/Mental Retardation Syndromes" in the medical community. Multiple Congenital Anomaly/Mental Retardation Syndromes
Conditions where multiple problems present at birth lead to mental impairment. These problems usually affect several body systems and are a frequent cause of mental retardation. More Information on Multiple Congenital Anomaly/Mental Retardation Syndromes: Pediatric Brain & Nerve
A genetic disease that affects the bones and skin pigmentation and also causes hormonal problems and premature sexual development. More Information on McCune Albright Syndrome: Skin Discoloration
"MCI" is more commonly referred to as "Mild Cognitive Impairment" in the medical community. Mild Cognitive Impairment
A condition in which problems occur with memory, thinking or language that are not severe enough to interfere with daily life. While related to dementia and Alzheimer's, this does not always progress to those conditions. More Information on Mild Cognitive Impairment: Alzheimer's & Dementia
"MCTD" is more commonly referred to as "Mixed Connective Tissue Disease" in the medical community. Mixed Connective Tissue Disease
Types of autoimmune diseases that overlap and include lupus, scleroderma, polymyositis, and Raynaud's phenomenon. More Information on Mixed Connective Tissue Disease: Autoimmune Basics
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